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[null,"Prepared By:","Contributors:"]
[null,"Roschier, Attorneys Ltd."]
[]
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["Lex Mundi Global Arbitration Institutions Guide"]
[]
["Report Generated: 11/19/2025"]
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["View your report results on next tab"]

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["Question","Finland"]
["Lex Mundi Global Arbitration Institutions Guide"]
["Name of Arbitral Institution; with abbreviation, if any.","The Arbitration Institute of the Finland Chamber of Commerce (\"\nFAI\")\n"]
["Where is the seat of the Arbitral Institution?","Helsinki, Finland\n"]
["Is there an umbrella organization for the Arbitral Institution?","The Finland Chamber of Commerce\n"]
["How is the Arbitral Institution structured?","Board with Finnish and international Board members, and Secretariat.\n"]
["Is there a compulsory list of arbitrators that parties are required to choose from?","No.\n"]
["Can the place of arbitration freely be chosen by the parties? Is there a default place of arbitration?","Parties can freely choose the seat of arbitration. In the absence of a choice, the Institute, or if the Institute deems appropriate, the arbitral tribunal, will decide on the seat of arbitration. Hearings can be organized anywhere, regardless of the seat of arbitration.\n"]
["What is the amount of the registration fee?","From EUR 3,000 (interest below MEUR 2) to EUR 8,000 (interest exceeds MEUR 10).\n"]
["What is the average cost of an arbitration in the following cases? 1 arbitrator, amount in dispute = $1 million","Administrative fee EUR 16,500, arbitrator's median fee EUR 32,000. Cost calculator: \nhttps://arbitration.fi/arbitration/costs-of-arbitration/calculator-2017/"]
["What is the average cost of an arbitration in the following cases? 3 arbitrators, amount in dispute = $10 million","Administrative fee EUR 33,000, arbitral tribunal's median fee is EUR 226,250. Cost calculator: \nhttps://arbitration.fi/arbitration/costs-of-arbitration/calculator-2017/"]
["What is the average cost of an arbitration in the following cases? 3 arbitrators, amount in dispute = $100 million","Administrative fee EUR 55,000, arbitral tribunal's median fee is EUR 425,000. Cost calculator: \nhttps://arbitration.fi/arbitration/costs-of-arbitration/calculator-2017/"]
["Who pays advances on costs? What happens in the event of default?","In international arbitrations advance on cost is always fixed by the Institute before the case file is transmitted to the arbitral tribunal, in domestic arbitrations, the Institute has the discretion to do so. If the Institute has not fixed an advance on the costs, the arbitral tribunal may request for an advance on the costs and fees of the tribunal. In the event of default, the Institute gives the other party an opportunity to pay the unpaid share on behalf of the defaulting party. A separate award for reimbursement of the payment may be given by the tribunal at the request of the paying party. If advance on costs remains unpaid, the Institute may terminate the proceedings, treat the claim withdrawn, or after the case file has been transmitted to the tribunal, Institute may direct the tribunal to order the termination of the arbitration or to treat the claim, for which the advance on costs has remained unpaid, as having been withdrawn.\n"]
["Does the Arbitral Institution have formalistic procedures (e.g. terms of reference) that must be complied with? If so, which ones?","We would not describe the FAI proceedings as formalistic. Institute will be involved in the early stage (request for arbitration, answer, constitution of tribunal, advance on costs), during the arbitration mainly for ensuring the progress of the hearing (a schedule needs to be submitted for the Institute and a deadline for award will be set), and at the end of the proceedings the Institute will fix the fees.\n"]
["Which languages can be used for communication with the Arbitral Institution?","The Request for Arbitration should be submitted in the language of the arbitration as agreed by the parties. Failing such agreement, in the language of the arbitration agreement.\n"]
["Who is the main point of contact for the parties within the Arbitral Institution?","Each case will have an appointed case manager from the Institute's Secretariat, and that person will be the main point of contact for the parties.\n"]
["Are there restrictions on the language that the arbitration may be conducted in?","No.\n"]
["Who appoints substitute arbitrators?","Usually, substitute arbitrator will be appointed in the same manner as the substituted arbitrator was appointed. In special circumstances, the Board of the Institute may (after consulting with the parties and potentially remaining arbitrators) directly appoint the substitute arbitrator.\n"]
["Are there specific regulations for multi-party arbitrations or joinders to the proceedings?","Yes. There are provisions on appointment of arbitrators in multi-party proceedings, as well as on joinder of additional parties, consolidation of multiple arbitrations, claims based on multiple contracts and on claims between multiple parties.\n"]
["Are oral hearings compulsory?","No.\n"]
["What are common evidence-taking practices?","Arbitrators have wide discresion in deciding what evidence is accepted and how. As a starting point, all forms of evidence are allowed. Tribunal may set a cut-off date for submission of claims and evidence.\n"]
["What is the average duration of arbitration proceedings?","Arbitration proceedings (after the tribunal has been appointed) takes on average 9 months. The starting phase with a request for arbitration and appointment of the tribunal, etc. in addition ca. 2 months.\n"]
["What is the timeframe for rendering the award?","Final award should be made no later than nine months from the date when the arbitral tribunal received the case file from the Institute. The time limit can be extended by the institute.\n"]
["Are extensions to time limits permissible?","Yes, both based on the tribunal's reasoned request, and if deemed necessary, also on the Institute's own motion.\n"]
["Can the arbitral tribunal impose interim measures? Is there a competing competency of the ordinary courts with regard to interim measures?","At the request of a party, the tribunal may grant any interim measures it deems appropriate. Ex-parte interim measures are not available from the arbitral tribunal. Before the constitution of the arbitral tribunal, Emergency Arbitrator relief is possible if the parties have not opted-out from the Emergency Arbitrator regime. Court-ordered interim measures' tend to be more used in Finland, as they can be obtained very rapidly, and are enforceable, as opposed to the arbitral tribunal's interim measures. Arbitration under the FAI rules not exclude the possibility of applying for court-ordered interim measures.\n"]
["Do the institutional rules provide for an emergency arbitrator?","Yes. The rules contain Emergency Arbitration appendix which applies on an opt-out basis.\n"]
["Are there any specific regulations for expedited proceedings? If so, is there a deadline for rendering such an award?","Yes. FAI Expedited Arbitration Rules set an obligation for rendering the award in 3 months from the submission of the case file to the arbitral tribunal. This period is extendable.\n"]
["Are arbitral awards submitted for scrutiny? If so, to whom?","There is no scrutiny of the award. However, the institute will fix the costs and fees, which will become a part of the award, and therefore the draft award will need to be submitted to the Institute before it is awarded to the parties.\n"]
["Do costs necessarily follow the event?","Unless the parties have agreed otherwise, the main rule is that the losing party pays the costs of the proceedings. The arbitral tribunal, however, has discretion in this respect to also distribute the costs differently if deemed appropriate in the specific circumstances. Regardless of this division, parties are mutually liable towards the Institute.\n"]
["Can an arbitral award be annulled in your jurisdiction? If yes, do the reasons for annulment in principle correspond to the reasons for denial of enforcement according to the New York Convention?\n","Yes, awards can be annulled or declared unenforceable in Finland, and the grounds correspond to those under the New York Convention. Additionally, under Finnish law, it is provided that an award is null if it is not written and signed by the arbitrators, and if it is so unclear or confusing that it cannot be deduced what has been awarded.\n"]
["Link to institutional rules","https://arbitration.fi/arbitration/rules/"]
["Link to model clause","https://arbitration.fi/arbitration/model-arbitration-clauses/arbitrations-under-the-arbitration-rules/ https://arbitration.fi/arbitration/model-arbitration-clauses/expedited-arbitration-clause/"]